History of Photography and the Camera

History of Photography and the Camera:

    The basic concept of photography has been around since about the 5th century B.C.E. It wasn't until an Iraqi scientist developed something called the camera obscura in the 11th century that the art was born.

    Even then, the camera did not actually record images, it simply projected them onto another surface. The images were also upside-down, though they could be traced to create accurate drawings of real objects such as buildings.

    The first camera obscura used a pinhole in a tent to project an image from outside the tent into the darkened area. It was not until the 17th century that the camera obscura became small enough to be portable. Basic lenses to focus the light were also introduced around this time.

        During the 1800s, Britain and France were neck and neck in the race to get early photographic technology off the ground. The French initially pipped the Brits to the post when Nicéphore Niépce took the first-ever photo in 1827. Eleven years later, the French beat the Brits to another ‘first’ when Louis Daguerre took the first snap of a human being in his pic ‘Boulevard du Temple’. Daguerre won another spot in the history books for coming up with his revolutionary 'Daguerreotype' photographic processes. Around the same time British inventor, William Henry Fox Talbot developed the calotype process and with it, the first-ever photo on paper. Daguerre and Talbot both had relative commercial success with their methods. That was until an American company called Kodak changed the photographic process forever.

    In 1816, Nicephore Niepce successfully made a partial photograph using a camera he built, and a paper coated with silver chloride. Unfortunately, he hadn’t figured out how to remove the untreated silver chloride, meaning the image was eventually darkened completely by the light needed to view it. In the mid-1820s, Niepce used a new sliding wooden camera (created by Charles and Vincent Chevalier) to experiment with Bitumen of Judea. Only one of the photos from this experiment, View from the Window at Le Gras, has survived.

The history of the camera can be traced all the way back to the ancient Greeks and ancient Chinese. These early civilizations used a very simple optical device, called a camera obscura, to project real-life scenes on a surface or wall. Despite its very basic design, the camera obscura stayed in vogue for thousands of years after. During the Renaissance, artists such as Leonardo Da Vinci used its light projections to sketch added depth to their ‘3D’ art. Later during the Victorian times, large camera obscuras became popular seaside attractions. Visitors flocked to them in droves to spy on nearby courting couples. Although the early cameras were a huge hit with artists and tourists, there was no way of ‘freezing’ an image in a photograph until the 19th century.

https://www.thesprucecrafts.com/brief-history-of-photography-2688527

    In the above link explain the Arts of following.

1. The First Cameras
2. The First Permanent Images
3. Daguerreotype
4. Emulsion Plates
5. Dry Plates
6. Cameras for Everyone
7. The Horrors of War
8. The Wonder of Instant Images
9. Advanced Image Control
10. Introducing Smart Cameras
11. The Digital Age

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