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History of Artificial Intelligence


History of Artificial Intelligence:

        In the 1940s and 50s, a handful of scientists from a variety of fields began to discuss the possibility of creating an artificial brain. The field of artificial intelligence research was founded as an academic discipline in 1956.


     From 1957 to 1974, AI flourished. Computers could store more information and become faster, cheaper, and more accessible. Machine learning algorithms also improved and people got better at knowing which algorithm to apply to their problem. Early demonstrations such as Newell and Simon’s General Problem Solver and Joseph Weizenbaum’s ELIZA showed promise toward the goals of problem-solving and the interpretation of spoken language respectively. These successes, as well as the advocacy of leading researchers, convinced government agencies such as the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency to fund AI research at several institutions. 
      The government was particularly interested in a machine that could transcribe and translate spoken language as well as high throughput data processing. Optimism was high and expectations were even higher. In 1970 Marvin Minsky told Life Magazine, “from three to eight years we will have a machine with the general intelligence of an average human being.” However, while the basic proof of principle was there, there was still a long way to go before the end goals of natural language processing, abstract thinking, and self-recognition could be achieved.


       Artificial Intelligence is not a new word and not a new technology for researchers. This technology is much older than you would imagine. Even there are the myths of Mechanical men in Ancient Greek and Egyptian Myths. Following are some milestones in the history of AI which defines the journey from the AI generation to till date development.


        From the above link completely we can get knowledge about the followings: 
  1. Maturation of Artificial Intelligence (1943-1952)
  2. The birth of Artificial Intelligence (1952-1956)
  3. The golden years-Early enthusiasm (1956-1974)
  4. The first AI winter (1974-1980)
  5. A boom of AI (1980-1987)
  6. The second AI winter (1987-1993)
  7. The emergence of intelligent agents (1993-2011)
  8. Deep learning, big data and artificial general intelligence (2011-present)
    In the immediate future, AI language is looking like the next big thing. In fact, it’s already underway. I can’t remember the last time I called a company and directly spoke with a human. These days, machines are even calling me! One could imagine interacting with an expert system in a fluid conversation, or having a conversation in two different languages being translated in real-time. 

    We can also expect to see driver-less cars on the road in the next twenty years. In the long term, the goal is general intelligence, that is a machine that surpasses human cognitive abilities in all tasks. This is along the lines of the sentient robot we are used to seeing in movies. To me, it seems inconceivable that this would be accomplished in the next 50 years. 

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